ciel in Old French

IPA: /ˈtsi͡ɛl/ Forms: ciel oblique singular or [canonical, masculine], cieus [oblique, plural], ciex [oblique, plural], ciels [oblique, plural], cieus [nominative, singular], ciex [nominative, singular], ciels [nominative, singular], ciel [nominative, plural], cel [alternative] [Show additional information ▼] [Hide additional information ▲]

Etymology: From Latin caelum. The nominative singular derives from attested Vulgar Latin caelus. Etymology templates: {{inh|fro|la|caelum}} Latin caelum, {{inh|fro|la-vul|caelus}} Vulgar Latin caelus Head templates: {{fro-noun|m}} ciel oblique singular, m (oblique plural cieus or ciex or ciels, nominative singular cieus or ciex or ciels, nominative plural ciel)

[Show JSON for postprocessed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▼] [Hide JSON for postprocessed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▲]

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Bourguignon",
      "lang_code": "roa-brg",
      "word": "cier"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Haitian Creole",
              "lang_code": "ht",
              "word": "syèl"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "French",
          "lang_code": "fr",
          "word": "ciel"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle French",
      "lang_code": "frm",
      "word": "ciel"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Norman",
      "lang_code": "nrm",
      "word": "ciel"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Norman",
      "lang_code": "nrm",
      "word": "cyil"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Norman",
      "lang_code": "nrm",
      "word": "cyi"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Norman",
      "lang_code": "nrm",
      "word": "syel"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Walloon",
      "lang_code": "wa",
      "word": "cir"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "caelum"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin caelum",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "la-vul",
        "3": "caelus"
      },
      "expansion": "Vulgar Latin caelus",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Latin caelum. The nominative singular derives from attested Vulgar Latin caelus.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ciel oblique singular or",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cieus",
      "tags": [
        "oblique",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciex",
      "tags": [
        "oblique",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciels",
      "tags": [
        "oblique",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cieus",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciex",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciels",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciel",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cel",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m"
      },
      "expansion": "ciel oblique singular, m (oblique plural cieus or ciex or ciels, nominative singular cieus or ciex or ciels, nominative plural ciel)",
      "name": "fro-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old French",
  "lang_code": "fro",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "sky"
      ],
      "id": "en-ciel-fro-noun-BfUU-ufK",
      "links": [
        [
          "sky",
          "sky"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "4 16 11 4 16 10 4 16 4 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 9 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 16 11 4 16 10 4 16 4 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 94",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "heaven"
      ],
      "id": "en-ciel-fro-noun-gY7-RqbC",
      "links": [
        [
          "heaven",
          "heaven"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈtsi͡ɛl/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ciel"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "categories": [
    "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old French lemmas",
    "Old French masculine nouns",
    "Old French nouns",
    "Old French terms derived from Latin",
    "Old French terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
    "Old French terms inherited from Latin",
    "Old French terms inherited from Vulgar Latin",
    "Pages with 9 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Bourguignon",
      "lang_code": "roa-brg",
      "word": "cier"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Haitian Creole",
              "lang_code": "ht",
              "word": "syèl"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "French",
          "lang_code": "fr",
          "word": "ciel"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle French",
      "lang_code": "frm",
      "word": "ciel"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Norman",
      "lang_code": "nrm",
      "word": "ciel"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Norman",
      "lang_code": "nrm",
      "word": "cyil"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Norman",
      "lang_code": "nrm",
      "word": "cyi"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Norman",
      "lang_code": "nrm",
      "word": "syel"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Walloon",
      "lang_code": "wa",
      "word": "cir"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "caelum"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin caelum",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "la-vul",
        "3": "caelus"
      },
      "expansion": "Vulgar Latin caelus",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Latin caelum. The nominative singular derives from attested Vulgar Latin caelus.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ciel oblique singular or",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cieus",
      "tags": [
        "oblique",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciex",
      "tags": [
        "oblique",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciels",
      "tags": [
        "oblique",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cieus",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciex",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciels",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciel",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cel",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m"
      },
      "expansion": "ciel oblique singular, m (oblique plural cieus or ciex or ciels, nominative singular cieus or ciex or ciels, nominative plural ciel)",
      "name": "fro-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old French",
  "lang_code": "fro",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "sky"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "sky",
          "sky"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "heaven"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "heaven",
          "heaven"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈtsi͡ɛl/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ciel"
}

[Show JSON error data ▼] [Hide JSON error data ▲]

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
  "msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'ciel oblique singular or', originally 'ciel oblique singular or m'",
  "path": [
    "ciel"
  ],
  "section": "Old French",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "ciel",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
  "msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'ciel oblique singular or', originally 'ciel oblique singular or m'",
  "path": [
    "ciel"
  ],
  "section": "Old French",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "ciel",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
  "msg": "suspicious related form tags ['masculine', 'canonical']: 'ciel oblique singular or' in 'ciel oblique singular, m (oblique plural cieus or ciex or ciels, nominative singular cieus or ciex or ciels, nominative plural ciel)'",
  "path": [
    "ciel"
  ],
  "section": "Old French",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "ciel",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old French dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-05-27 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-05-01 using wiktextract (4997730 and 9380997). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"ciel" meaning in Old French

Noun